BASICS: How to Check Blood Glucose
Learning to administer the primary test for those with diabetes
BY:MARGARET FARLEY STEELE
Blood glucose levels change continuously, and the best way to determine whether your loved one's levels are high, low or stable is through regular monitoring.
Self-monitoring meter systems have revolutionized diabetes care. Prick the tip of the finger or an alternative test site with a pen-styled lancing device, obtain a drop of blood, apply it to a special test strip and get a meter reading, usually within one minute. For anyone with diabetes, self-monitoring is advisable because results are almost immediate, and activity and diet can be adjusted depending on the reading. It is easy for a caregiver to help the person with diabetes administer the test.
Before buying a system, compare costs of various meters and test strips to find the one or two you can work easily. Then learn to obtain a good drop of blood. Although most meters store the results, it's helpful to maintain a written log to see patterns.
Frequency of glucose monitoring depends on the type of diabetes your loved one has and how well-controlled it is. Many people with type 1 diabetes test three or more times a day. Some people with type 2 diabetes need to test only once a day. A physician will help determine an appropriate schedule.
While today's blood glucose meters reveal blood sugar level at that moment, for a long-term picture it is necessary to take another measurement. Every three months, A1C (also called HbA1c or glycated hemoglobin) should be tested. The American Diabetes Association recommends keeping A1C levels at less than seven percent to prevent complications.
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